A condition caused by a difference in air pressure between the middle ear and the surrounding environment, leading to inflammation of the middle ear.
Causes:
1. Changes in air pressure during:
- Air travel
- Scuba diving
- Skydiving
- Sinus infections
2. Eustachian tube dysfunction (connects middle ear to back of throat)
Symptoms:
1. Ear pain or discomfort
2. Feeling of fullness or blockage
3. Hearing loss or muffled hearing
4. Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
5. Vertigo or dizziness
Treatment:
1. Nasal decongestants to open Eustachian tube
2. Pain management with medication
3. Ear tubes or tympanostomy to equalize air pressure
4. Antibiotics for secondary infections
Prevention:
1. Swallowing or yawning during air travel or diving
2. Pinching nose shut and blowing gently
3. Avoiding air travel or diving with sinus infections
4. Using ear protection during diving or loud activities
Complications:
1. Chronic ear infections
2. Hearing loss or permanent damage
3. Eardrum rupture or perforation
4. Mastoiditis (infection of the mastoid bone)
Early treatment can help alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. Consult a healthcare professional if symptoms persist or worsen.
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