Saturday, August 10, 2024

High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO)

High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO) is a surgical procedure used to treat knee problems, such as:

1. *Osteoarthritis*: HTO helps realign the knee joint, reducing pressure on the damaged area.
2. *Knock knees* (genu varum): HTO corrects the alignment of the knee.
3. *Bowlegs* (genu valgum): HTO corrects the alignment of the knee.

During the procedure:

1. A small incision is made in the upper part of the tibia (shinbone).
2. The surgeon cuts and realigns the bone to correct the knee's alignment.
3. The bone is stabilized with plates, screws, or other hardware.
4. The incision is closed, and the knee is immobilized in a cast or brace.

Recovery:

1. Hospital stay: 1-3 days
2. Pain management: Medication and ice
3. Immobilization: 4-6 weeks
4. Physical therapy: 3-6 months
5. Full recovery: 6-12 months

HTO benefits:

1. *Pain relief*
2. *Improved knee function*
3. *Delayed or avoided knee replacement*
4. *Corrected knee alignment*

However, HTO also carries risks and complications, such as:

1. *Infection*
2. *Blood clots*
3. *Nerve damage*
4. *Hardware failure*
5. Delayed healing 

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