Combined knee ligament sprain

Combined knee ligament sprain, also known as multiligament knee injury, occurs when two or more knee ligaments are stretched or torn, leading to knee instability and potentially severe consequences if left untreated.

Ligaments involved:

1. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

2. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

3. Medial collateral ligament (MCL)

4. Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)

Causes:

1. Trauma or direct blow to the knee

2. Sudden twisting or bending movements

3. Sports injuries (e.g., football, soccer, skiing)

4. Falls or accidents

Symptoms:

1. Severe knee pain and swelling

2. Instability or feeling of the knee giving way

3. Limited mobility or difficulty walking

4. Bruising or discoloration

5. Difficulty bearing weight on the affected leg

Treatment:

1. Immobilization and rest

2. Pain management with medication

3. Physical therapy to improve strength and stability

4. Bracing or orthotics for support

5. Surgery to repair or reconstruct damaged ligaments

Complications:

1. Chronic knee instability

2. Arthritis or degenerative joint disease

3. Meniscal tears or cartilage damage

4. Muscle weakness or atrophy

5. Limited mobility or permanent disability

Prevention:

1. Wear protective gear during sports or activities

2. Strengthen surrounding muscles through exercise

3. Improve flexibility and range of motion

4. Avoid sudden twisting or bending movements

5. Seek medical attention for knee injuries or instability