Discoid meniscus

Discoid meniscus is a rare condition where the meniscus in the knee joint is abnormally shaped, resembling a disc rather than its normal crescent shape.

Causes:

1. Congenital defect (present at birth)

2. Trauma or injury to the knee

3. Degenerative changes over time

Symptoms:

1. Knee pain, especially with twisting or squatting

2. Swelling or stiffness

3. Limited mobility or locking sensation

4. Clicking or snapping sounds

5. Instability or feeling of the knee "giving way"

Treatment:

1. Arthroscopic surgery to trim or remove the meniscus

2. Physical therapy for rehabilitation

3. Pain management with medication

4. Bracing or orthotics for support

5. Lifestyle modifications (e.g., avoiding heavy lifting or bending)

Complications:

1. Chronic knee pain or stiffness

2. Degenerative arthritis

3. Meniscal tears or further damage

4. Infection or hardware failure (if surgery is required)

5. Limited knee function or mobility

Prevention:

1. Maintain a healthy weight to reduce knee stress

2. Strengthen surrounding muscles through exercise

3. Avoid repetitive or high-impact activities

4. Use proper techniques and equipment in sports

5. Seek medical attention for knee injuries or instability