Low-Back Sprain

Low-Back Sprain is an injury to the ligaments in the lower back, causing pain and stiffness.

Causes:

1. Sudden twisting or bending

2. Lifting heavy objects

3. Sports-related injury

4. Poor posture or body mechanics

5. Trauma or direct blow

Symptoms:

1. Pain and stiffness in the lower back

2. Limited mobility

3. Muscle spasms

4. Pain radiating to buttocks or legs

Treatment:

1. Conservative management:

    - Rest and ice

    - Stretching and strengthening exercises

    - Pain management (medications)

    - Physical therapy

2. Modalities:

    - Heat or cold therapy

    - Ultrasound or electrical stimulation

3. Bracing or support:

    - Lumbar roll or back support

Recovery:

- Acute phase (0-2 weeks): pain management and rest

- Subacute phase (2-6 weeks): gradual strengthening and stretching

- Chronic phase (beyond 6 weeks): maintenance exercises and prevention

Grades of Low-Back Sprain:

1. Grade 1: mild stretching or micro-tearing

2. Grade 2: moderate tearing

3. Grade 3: severe tearing or complete rupture

Consult orthopaedic surgeon, physical therapist, for proper evaluation and treatment. 

Early intervention can help alleviate symptoms and prevent further injury.