1. *Cervical spine* (neck): flexion, extension, rotation, lateral flexion
2. *Shoulder girdle*: scapular rotation, elevation, depression, protraction, retraction
3. *Upper limb*:
- *Shoulder joint*: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation
- *Elbow joint*: flexion, extension
- *Forearm*: pronation, supination
- *Wrist*: flexion, extension, rotation
- *Fingers*: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
4. *Thoracic spine* (upper back): flexion, extension, rotation, lateral flexion
5. *Lumbar spine* (lower back): flexion, extension, rotation, lateral flexion
6. *Pelvis*: anterior tilt, posterior tilt, lateral tilt, rotation
7. *Lower limb*:
- *Hip joint*: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation
- *Knee joint*: flexion, extension
- *Ankle*: dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion, eversion
- *Toes*: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
Understanding these movement segments is essential for:
- Assessing and treating movement disorders
- Designing exercise programs
- Improving posture and movement efficiency
- Enhancing athletic performance
- Preventing injuries
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