Causes:
1. Sudden twisting or bending
2. Lifting heavy objects
3. Sports-related injury
4. Poor posture or body mechanics
5. Trauma or direct blow
Symptoms:
1. Pain and stiffness in the lower back
2. Limited mobility
3. Muscle spasms
4. Pain radiating to buttocks or legs
Treatment:
1. Conservative management:
- Rest and ice
- Stretching and strengthening exercises
- Pain management (medications)
- Physical therapy
2. Modalities:
- Heat or cold therapy
- Ultrasound or electrical stimulation
3. Bracing or support:
- Lumbar roll or back support
Recovery:
- Acute phase (0-2 weeks): pain management and rest
- Subacute phase (2-6 weeks): gradual strengthening and stretching
- Chronic phase (beyond 6 weeks): maintenance exercises and prevention
Grades of Low-Back Sprain:
1. Grade 1: mild stretching or micro-tearing
2. Grade 2: moderate tearing
3. Grade 3: severe tearing or complete rupture
Consult orthopaedic surgeon, physical therapist, for proper evaluation and treatment.
Early intervention can help alleviate symptoms and prevent further injury.
