Compartment syndrome

Compartment syndrome is a medical emergency that occurs when pressure within a muscle compartment increases, restricting blood flow and potentially causing permanent damage.

Types:

1. Acute compartment syndrome (sudden onset)

2. Chronic compartment syndrome (gradual onset)

Causes:

1. Trauma (e.g., fractures, contusions)

2. Overuse or repetitive strain

3. Poor circulation

4. Infection

5. Burns

Symptoms:

1. Severe pain or tenderness

2. Swelling or tightness

3. Weakness or numbness

4. Tingling or burning sensations

5. Pale or cool skin

6. Decreased pulse

Treatment:

1. Emergency surgery to relieve pressure (fasciotomy)

2. Pain management

3. Immobilization and rest

4. Elevation to reduce swelling

5. Monitoring for complications

Complications:

1. Permanent muscle damage

2. Nerve damage

3. Infection

4. Amputation (in severe cases)

Prevention:

1. Seek medical attention for severe injuries

2. Gradually increase exercise intensity

3. Warm up and cool down properly

4. Wear proper fitting clothing and equipment

5. Stay hydrated and manage blood pressure