Concussion, also known as mild traumatic brain injury

Concussion, also known as mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a type of head injury caused by a blow to the head or body that can cause the brain to move back and forth inside the skull.

Causes:

1. Sports injuries (e.g., football, soccer)

2. Falls or accidents

3. Car crashes

4. Assaults or violence

5. Explosions or blasts

Symptoms:

1. Headache or pressure

2. Dizziness or loss of balance

3. Confusion or disorientation

4. Memory loss or difficulty concentrating

5. Mood changes (e.g., irritability, anxiety)

6. Sleep disturbances

7. Blurred vision or sensitivity to light

8. Nausea or vomiting

Treatment:

1. Rest and avoidance of activities

2. Monitoring for worsening symptoms

3. Pain management with medication

4. Cognitive and physical rehabilitation

5. Education on concussion protocols

Prevention:

1. Wear protective gear during sports or activities

2. Drive safely and avoid distractions

3. Fall-proof your home (e.g., remove tripping hazards)

4. Avoid violent situations

5. Get enough sleep and maintain a healthy lifestyle